我国儿童足球训练运动损伤初探:基于992名6~9岁球员的横断面研究

Initial Investigation of Sports Injuries of Chinese Children in Football Training: A Cross-sectional Study of 992 Players Aged Six to Nine

DOI：10.12064/ssr.20200611

中文关键词:儿童运动损伤足球训练横断面研究

英文关键词:children sports injury football training cross-sectional study

基金项目:上海市扬帆计划（19YF1414600）

作者	单位
陈天午	复旦大学附属华山医院运动医学科,上海 200040 ；复旦大学运动医学研究所,上海 200032
张鹏	复旦大学附属华山医院运动医学科,上海 200040 ；复旦大学运动医学研究所,上海 200032
刘尧	苏州大学附属儿童医院骨科,江苏苏州 215025
杨以萌	复旦大学附属华山医院运动医学科,上海 200040 ；复旦大学运动医学研究所,上海 200032
蔡江瑜	复旦大学附属华山医院运动医学科,上海 200040 ；复旦大学运动医学研究所,上海 200032
陈世益	复旦大学附属华山医院运动医学科,上海 200040 ；复旦大学运动医学研究所,上海 200032

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中文摘要:

目的：调查我国6~9岁儿童在足球训练中运动损伤的患病率、患病特点、影响因素。方法：本横断面研究纳入2017—2019年中国足球小将相关赛事报名参赛球员，收集人口基本信息、足球训练情况、足球训练相关损伤情况。结果：研究纳入992例球员，来自全国16个省和直辖市。其中男性儿童953人、女性儿童39人，平均年龄(8.1±0.8)岁，平均身高(135.3±6.8) cm，平均体重(29.0±4.7) kg，平均BMI(15.8±1.8) kg/m2，平均球龄(28.7±10.5)月。足球训练中运动损伤的患病率为15.0%。损伤最常见的部位为踝关节；最常见受伤类型是关节扭伤或韧带损伤。受伤球员与未受伤球员间最大训练强度有统计学差异(P<0.05)，性别、年龄、场上位置、每次训练时间、每周训练频率无统计学差异。结论：我国6~9岁参与足球运动的儿童在训练中出现运动损伤的患病率为15%。其中踝关节扭伤最常见。训练强度过高很可能是导致发生训练损伤的风险因素。

英文摘要:

To investigate the prevalence rate, characteristics, and influencing factors of sports injuries in football training among the children of 6~9 years old in China. Methods: We conducted a cross-section study to collect the demographics, football training information, and football training-related injuries among the players registered in the China Football Boy related tournaments during 2017 and 2019.Results: A total of 992 players (gender: 953 boys, 39 girls; age: 8.1±0.8 years; height: 135.3±6.8 cm; weight: 29.0±4.7 kg; BMI: 15.8±1.8 kg/m2; time of playing football: 28.7±10.5 months) from 16 provinces and municipalities were enrolled. The prevalence rate of sports injuries in football training was 15.0%. The most common injured part was the ankle; the most common injury type was a joint sprain or ligament injury. We found a statistically significant difference in the maximum training intensity between the injured and the uninjured players (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference regarding gender, age, position on the field, training time, and training frequency between the players with and without injuries. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of sports injury in football training is 15% for Chinese children aged six to nine. The ankle sprain is the most common injury. Excessive training intensity is likely to be a risk factor for training injuries.

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