昼夜节律和代谢健康

Circadian Rhythm and Metabolic Health

DOI：10.12064/ssr.20220102

英文关键词:circadian clock metabolism energy balance meal timing and frequency exercise time blood glucose homeostasis

基金项目:

作者	单位
康杰	新泽西学院健康与运动科学系,美国新泽西州 08628
刘畅(译校)2	新泽西学院健康与运动科学系,美国新泽西州 08628 ；上海体育科学研究所(上海市反兴奋剂中心),上海 200030

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中文摘要:

昼夜节律计时系统或昼夜节律生物钟在许多生物过程中起着至关重要的作用,如睡眠-觉醒周期、激素分泌、心血管健康、糖稳态和体温调节。由于代谢紊乱发病率的快速提升,了解昼夜节律系统如何影响代谢稳态已成为过去几十年来众多研究的焦点。长期的昼夜节律紊乱会导致能量失衡,从而导致相关疾病的发生。本文综述了昼夜节律对代谢过程和能量平衡的双向影响,提供了相关研究证据和用于进行相关实验的方法,同时提供了基于证据的建议。研究发现,生物钟不仅可以影响代谢途径,也可以被饮食和运动等非光刺激调节。在适当的时机进行饮食和运动干预可能会提高疾病预防和治疗的成功率。鉴于生物钟-代谢相互作用的复杂性,需要更多的研究来阐明这些过程是如何相互作用的,以便制定更有效的治疗策略,进而抑制与生物钟紊乱相关的代谢性疾病的上升速度

英文摘要:

The circadian timing system or circadian clock plays a crucial role in many biological processes, such as the sleep-wake cycle, hormone secretion, cardiovascular health, glucose homeostasis, and body temperature regulation. As the rise in metabolic disorders is occurring at an unprecedented rate, understanding how the circadian system affects metabolic homeostasis has been a focus of numerous research communities in the last several decades. Long-term circadian disruptions can lead to energy imbalance, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of these diseases. This review provided an overview of the bidirectional effect of circadian rhythm on metabolic processes and energy balance. It presented both the current research evidence and methodology used to conduct circadian-related experiments. When appropriate, evidence-based recommendations were also provided. Based on this review, it is clear that not only do circadian clocks drive metabolic pathways, they can also be modulated by non-photic stimuli such diet and exercise. One important message conveyed from this review is that implementing dietary and exercise interventions based on proper timing may increase the success of disease prevention and treatment. In view of the complexity of clock-metabolism interactions, more research is needed in order to elucidate how these processes interact so that more effective therapeutic strategies can be developed to curb the rising rate of metabolic disorders associated with circadian disturbance.

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