1~3年级儿童课外体育活动与视力指标及眼部生物特征参数关系

Study on Relationship between Extracurricular Physical Activity and Visual Acuity Indexes and Ocular Biometric Parameters of Children in Grades 1~3

DOI：10.12064/ssr.20220304

中文关键词:课外体育活动儿童视力眼部生物特征参数

英文关键词:extracurricular physical activity children visual acuity ocular biometric parameters

基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目(19BTYO78)

作者	单位
符琼	苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州 215021
周晟	苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州 215021
张萌	苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州 215021
奚启超	苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州 215021
蔡赓	苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州 215021

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中文摘要:

目的： 探讨课外体育活动与1~3年级儿童视力指标及眼部生物特征参数之间的相关性方法： 对1~3年级(6~9岁)252名学生进行裸眼远视力、动态视力、眼轴长度、角膜曲率、前房深度以及体育活动等级量表测量。采用Pearson相关分析、独立样本T检验及单因素方差分析得出年龄、视力、眼部生物特征参数和课外体育活动之间的关系结果： 1~3年级儿童总体近视率为43.6%，各年级儿童裸眼远视力、角膜屈光力随年级增长而降低，眼轴、前房深度及课外体育活动量随年级增长而增加。儿童裸眼远视力与动态视力呈正相关(r=0.356，P＜0.01)，与眼轴、前房深度呈负相关(r=-0.380，r=-0.249，P＜0.01)。眼轴与角膜屈光力呈负相关(r=-0.622，P＜0.01)，与前房深度、课外体育活动量呈正相关(r=0.550，r=0.233，P＜0.01)。各年级儿童裸眼远视力、眼轴、前房深度、课外体育活动量均有显著差异(P＜0.05)。各年级儿童按不同课外体育活动量进行划分，视力指标和眼部生物特征参数均无显著差异结论： 课外体育活动量与小学1~3年级儿童眼轴呈正相关。随年级增长，课外体育活动量与眼轴长度均出现上升趋势。1~3年级儿童的裸眼远视力、眼轴、课外体育活动量具有显著性差异。课外体育活动不会过早消耗儿童远视储备。

英文摘要:

Objective: To investigate the correlation between extracurricular physical activity and visual acuity indexes and ocular biometric parameters of children in grades 1~3. Methods: Static visual acuity, kinetic visual acuity, eye axis length, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, and physical activity rating scales were measured among 252 students in grades 1~3 (6~9 years old). Pearson correlation analysis, independent samples t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used to determine the relationship between age, visual acuity, ocular biometric parameters, and extracurricular physical activity. Results: The overall myopia rate among children in grades 1~3 was 43.6%. Static visual acuity and corneal refractive power decreased with grade level, while eye axis, anterior chamber depth, and extracurricular physical activity increased with grade level. Children's static visual acuity was positively correlated with kinetic visual acuity (r=0.356, P＜0.01) and negatively correlated with eye axis and anterior chamber depth (r=-0.380, r=-0.249, P＜0.01). Eye axis was negatively correlated with corneal refractive power (r=-0.622, P＜0.01), and positively correlated with anterior chamber depth and extracurricular physical activity (r=0.550, r=0.233, P＜0.01). There were significant differences in static visual acuity, eye axis, anterior chamber depth, and extracurricular physical activity among children at each grade (F＞3.813, P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in visual acuity and ocular biometric parameters among children of all grades according to different amounts of extracurricular physical activity. Conclusion: The amount of extracurricular physical activity was positively correlated with the ocular axis of children in elementary school grades 1~3. There was an upward trend in the amount of extracurricular physical activity and the length of the eye axis as the grade level increased. There were significant differences in static visual acuity, eye axis, and amount of extracurricular physical activity among children in grades 1~3. Extracurricular physical activity does not prematurely deplete children's hyperopic reserve.

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