上海市中小学生运动创伤的主要特征与对策

Main characteristics of the sports injuries of Shanghai primary and middle school students

DOI：

英文关键词:student sport injury nature measure

基金项目:012年度上海市（教委）学校体育科研重点课题（B-7030-12-000051）

作者	单位
梁晓刚	上海师范大学体育学院
卢薇	上海师范大学体育学院
杨玉娟	上海市教育技术装备部
欧阳芳	上海市教育技术装备部
孙力	上海师范大学体育学院

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中文摘要:

通过分析上海市中小学生的409例运动创伤案例、创伤发生率的性别和年级特征显示：男生占76%，8年级达到最高峰，女生占24%，6年级达到最高峰；女生的运动创伤发生率高峰较男生早2年出现；但女生在11和12年级阶段的运动创伤发生率为零，这也许和女生到高中阶段运动过少等变化有关。从受伤的性质特征看，基本集中在骨折(骨裂)、扭挫伤，女生和男生都将达到约90%的高发生率。根据这些特征提出，要减少或预防受伤的发生，首要要采取全面提高学生身体素质，逐步提高力量和耐力素质水平，同时要在技术教学、课堂组织以及纪律安全教育方面着手预防创伤策略。

英文摘要:

Through the analysis of 409 cases of sports injuries of the primary and middle school students in Shanghai, it is discovered that the boys are involved in 76% of the cases and most of them are 8th grade students. While the girls are involved in 24% of the cases and most of them are 6th grade students. The peak of the sports injury of the girls occurred two years earlier than that of the boys. But the injury occurrence rate of the girls is zero at the period of 11th and 12th grades. This may indicate that the girls have few exercise during the senior high school period. 90% of the injuries of the girls and boys are bone fracture, sprain and contusion. According to these characteristics, the article suggests improving students’physical quality in general and gradually enhance the levels of strength and endurance so as to reduce or prevent injuries. At the same time, attention should be paid to the injury-prevention measures of skill teaching, classroom organization and safety education.

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