比赛前后优秀女子赛艇运动员体成分与AT4功率的变化特点及其相关性研究

Study on the Changes of Body Composition and AT4 Power of Elite Female Rowers before and after Races

DOI：

中文关键词:赛艇赛前停训体成分 AT4

英文关键词:rowing pre-competition training stop period body composition AT4

基金项目:国家体育总局奥运攻关项目（2013A099）

作者	单位
李涛	上海体育科学研究所
高炳宏	上海体育科学研究所

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中文摘要:

以优秀女子赛艇W8+运动员为研究对象，探讨优秀女子公开级赛艇运动员在赛前训练和赛后停训及恢复训练阶段体成分和AT4功率的变化情况和相关性特点。结果：瘦体重和骨骼肌质量在赛前训练和赛后停训阶段呈显著下降，恢复训练5周后较赛前训练后期显著升高，但仍显著低于赛前训练初期水平；体脂％在赛前训练和停训及恢复训练阶段均呈连续显著升高趋势；AT4功率在赛前和恢复训练6周后变化不显著，仅与体脂％呈中度负相关（P＜0.01）。结论： AT4功率和体成分各指标在赛前训练和停训阶段易出现不良变化，且较难改善，较高的体脂％可能是限制运动水平提高的重要因素之一。

英文摘要:

Objective: To investigate the changes and correlative features of body composition and AT4 power(P4) of the elite female open weight rowers before and after races. Method: 9 female rowers were chosen as the subjects for body composition and AT4 power test and comparison before and after races. Result: Lean body mass and skeletal muscle mass dropped apparently during pre-competition and post-competition rest period. They increased significantly after resuming training for 5 weeks, but still lower than those in pre-competition period. Body fat percentage shows a significant increase trend in pre-competition, post-competition rest and training resuming periods. No obvious change of AT4 was observed in pre-competition period and 6 weeks after resuming training. It shows moderate negative correlation with body fat percentage (P<0.01). Conclusion: AT4 and the different indexes of body composition tend to have unfavorable changes in pre-competition and post-competition rest periods. And they are difficult to be improved. The high body fat percentage may be one of the important factors restricting the improvement of performance level.

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