NAD⁺代谢与衰老及其运动适应研究进展

NAD⁺ Metabolism and Aging and Its Adaptation to Exercise

DOI：10.12064/ssr.20210503

中文关键词:NAD⁺ 代谢衰老运动适应

英文关键词:NAD⁺ metabolism aging exercise adaptation

基金项目:

作者	单位
蒋智	苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州 215021 。
田子林	苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州 215021 。
胡帅	苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州 215021 。
罗丽	苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州 215021 。

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中文摘要:

目的：总结NAD⁺代谢与衰老及其运动适应领域的研究进展，旨在深入理解衰老过程中的NAD⁺代谢以及运动干预对NAD⁺代谢的调控作用与机制，为通过科学手段促进老年人健康提供思路。方法：以“NAD⁺”“衰老”“运动”为关键词，通过检索PubMed、Web of Science等数据库收集文献资料，分析总结NAD⁺代谢与衰老及其运动适应。结果：(1)在衰老过程中，多个组织器官NAD⁺水平下降，引起线粒体功能障碍，是许多衰老相关疾病如帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病等的内在发病原因之一；(2)NAD⁺可能是抗衰老的潜在靶标；(3)NAD⁺及其前体物质通过促进DNA修复、改善线粒体功能、诱导自噬等机制发挥抗衰老作用；(4)细胞内NAD⁺水平及其信号通路显著受到运动的调控；(5)NAD⁺不足可引起能量代谢障碍，导致运动表现欠佳，有研究认为补充NAD⁺前体物质可提高运动能力，然而目前研究尚未取得一致的结果。结论：NAD⁺代谢与衰老及相关疾病的发生发展关系密切；通过药物、营养、运动干预等措施调控体内NAD⁺水平可能是延缓衰老、促进老年人健康、提高运动能力的潜在策略。

英文摘要:

Objective: To summarize the research progress on NAD⁺ metabolism in aging and its adaptation to exercise, and further understand the NAD⁺ metabolism in the aging process and the regulatory effect and mechanism of exercise on NAD⁺ metabolism, and to provide ideas for the promotion of the elderly's health through scientific ways. Methods: With NAD⁺, aging and exercise as keywords, literature data were collected by searching PubMed and Web of Science databases, and the progress of NAD⁺ metabolism in aging and its adaptation to exercise were analyzed. Results: (1) The level of NAD⁺ in many tissues and organs decreases during the aging process, which induces mitochondrial dysfunction and thereby brings about many age-related diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. (2) NAD⁺ may be a potential target of anti-aging. (3) NAD⁺ and its precursors play an anti-aging role by promoting DNA repair, improving mitochondrial function, and inducing autophagy. (4) Intracellular NAD⁺ level and its signaling pathway can be significantly regulated by exercise. (5) NAD⁺ deficiency and subsequent energy metabolism dysfunction may lead to poor exercise performance. NAD⁺ precursors have been shown to have an impact on individual exercise ability. However, no consistent results have been achieved in recent studies. Conclusion: NAD⁺ metabolism is closely related to the occurrence and development of aging and its related diseases. Modulation of the NAD⁺ level in vivo through drugs，nutrition and exercise may be a potential strategy to delay aging, promote the health of the elderly and improve exercise ability.

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