国家生命周期视角下美国竞技体育强国的成长历程、特征及启示

Development, Characteristics and Implications of American Competitive Sports Power: A Perspective of National Life Cycle

DOI：10.12064/ssr.20220203

中文关键词:国家生命周期竞技体育体育强国成长周期

英文关键词:national life cycle competitive sports sports power growth cycle

基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目(19BTY023)

作者	单位
彭国强	南京体育学院,江苏南京 210014 ；江苏省运动与健康工程协同创新中心,江苏南京 210014

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中文摘要:

竞技体育在体育强国建设中具有重要的带动和引领作用。在推动体育大国向体育强国迈进的过程中，统筹协调竞技体育与国家发展的关系，科学引导竞技体育深度融入国家生命周期，推动竞技体育伴随国家发展实现可持续成长是一项现实任务。基于国家生命周期的理论视角，综合运用文献资料研究、逻辑推演、对比分析、政策分析等方法，对美国竞技体育强国的成长历程和特征进行了深入剖析，认为美国竞技体育强国的成长经历了准备成长期、快速成长期和强盛期3个阶段，美国竞技体育强国的成长周期与国家生命周期之间关系密切，竞技体育发展与国家成长的趋势具有趋同性，竞技体育发展程度是国家崛起的重要信号，美国竞技体育强国的成长具有一定惯性，可能在2090年左右进入缓慢成长期。提出：科学研判我国竞技体育强国的成长周期及社会环境，引导竞技体育深度融入国家生命周期；以“开放、共享”理念优化竞技体育成长方式，全面提升为国争光能力；发挥竞技体育对国家成长的带动和引领作用，全面推动竞技体育强国的均衡、协调和可持续成长。

英文摘要:

Competitive sports plays a leading role in the construction of sports power. In the process of building a sports power, it is a realistic task to coordinate the relationship between competitive sports and national development, to scientifically guide competitive sports to be deeply integrated into the national life cycle, and to promote competitive sports to achieve sustainable growth along with national development. Based on the perspective of the national life cycle theory, this paper conducts an in-depth study on the development and characteristics of American competitive sports power by using methods of literature review, logical deduction, comparative analysis, policy analysis. The research shows that the development of American competitive sports power has experienced three-stage, preparation, rapid growth, and prosperity; there is a close relationship between the development cycle of American competitive sports power and the national life cycle; competitive sports develops in the wake of the growth of the country; the development degree of competitive sports is an important signal for the rise of the country; and that American competitive sports power has a certain tendency in development and may slow down around 2090. Therefore the research proposes to judge scientifically the development cycle and social environment of China's competitive sports power and guide the competitive sports to be deeply integrated into the national life cycle; to optimize the development mode of competitive sports based on the idea of "opening and sharing" and enhance the all-round ability to honor our country; to give full play to the leading role of competitive sports in national development, and promote the ba- lanced, coordinated and sustainable development of a leading country in competitive sports.

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