不同一次性拉伸方式对腘绳肌形态的急性影响

The Acute Effect of Different One-Time Stretching Methods on Hamstring Morphology

投稿时间：2023-06-15

DOI：10.12064/ssr.2023061501

英文关键词:static stretching dynamic stretching panoramic ultrasound imaging hamstrings fascicle length

基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题（2018PT004）

作者	单位
戴菊红	Institute of Changzhou Sports Medical Research, Changzhou 213001 , China
李晨	Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084 , China
鲍小亚	Institute of Changzhou Sports Medical Research, Changzhou 213001 , China
刘晔	Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084 , China

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中文摘要:

研究一次性静态拉伸与一次性动态拉伸对双关节腘绳肌组织形态的急性影响。方法：采集10名无腘绳肌损伤成年男性在一次性静态拉伸与一次性动态拉伸前后腘绳肌肌腹的全景超声图像，比较不同拉伸方式前后股二头肌长头（BFLH）、半膜肌（SM）与半腱肌（ST）的组织形态变化。结果：一次性动态拉伸与一次性静态拉伸均可延长BFLH、SM与ST的肌束长度（P＜0.01），但均不改变肌肉厚度（P＞0.05）。在两种拉伸前后，肌束长度与肌肉厚度均存在BFLH、SM与ST之间的差异（P＜0.01），其中肌束长度由大到小依次为ST、BFLH、SM，肌肉厚度由大到小依次为SM、BFLH、ST。一次性动态拉伸作用下，BFLH的肌束延长率大于ST的肌束延长率（P＜0.01），BFLH和ST肌束延长率均与SM无差异。一次性静态拉伸作用下，SM的肌束延长率大于ST（P＜0.05），SM和ST肌束延长率均与BFLH无差异。相比于一次性动态拉伸，一次性静态拉伸使BFLH肌束延长率更低（P＜0.01），SM与ST肌束延长率均不存在拉伸方式间的差异。结论：相比一次性静态拉伸，一次性动态拉伸可更明显地改变BFLH形态。ST与SM的形态均可被两种拉伸方式改变，但二者形态变化程度均无拉伸方式间的差别。三条腘绳肌之间存在结构差异，且在拉伸作用下发生了不同程度的形态变化。研究结果可为拉伸类型选择及后续研究提供理论依据。

英文摘要:

The study aims to explore the morphological parameters of biarticular hamstrings before and after one-time static stretching and one-time dynamic stretching. The panoramic ultrasound images of the hamstrings of 10 young men without hamstring injuries before and after one-time static stretching and one-time dynamic stretching were collected, and the morphological parameters of the long head of the biceps femoris (BFLH), semimembranosus (SM) and semitendinosus (ST) in the images were measured and analyzed. One-time dynamic stretching and one-time static stretching could both elongate the fascicles of BFLH, SM and ST (P＜0.01), while both of the two stretching methods did not change the muscle thickness of BFLH, SM or ST (P＞0.05). Inter-muscular differences in fascicle lengths and muscle thicknesses of BFLH, SM and ST were observed before and after two one-time stretching methods (P＜0.01), the fascicle lengths were arranged in descending order as ST, BFLH, SM, and the muscle thicknesses were arranged in descending order as SM, BFLH, ST. With the effect of one-time dynamic stretching, the elongation rate of fascicle length of BFLH was significantly greater than that of ST (P＜0.01), neither BFLH nor ST was different from SM in fascicle elongation rate. With the effect of one-time static stretching, the elongation rate of fascicle length of SM was greater than that of ST (P＜0.05), neither SM nor ST was different from BFLH in fascicle elongation rate. Compared with one-time static stretching, one-time dynamic stretching made a greater fascicle elongation rate of BFLH (P＜0.01). No difference was found in either SM fascicle elongation rate or ST fascicle elongation rate between two stretching methods (P＞0.05). Compared with one-time static stretching, one-time dynamic stretching can change the morphology of BFLH more significantly. The morphology of ST and SM can be changed by the two stretching methods, but there is no difference in the morphological change of ST or SM between the two stretching methods. With the effect of stretching, not only inter-muscular differences are found among the three hamstrings, but also morphological changes to different extents are found among the three hamstrings. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the selection of stretching methods and the development of the subsequent studies.

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