场地自行车男子1km计时赛、竞速赛运动员个体速度耐力特征的分析

Individual Speed Endurance Characteristics of Cyclists in Track Cycling of 1km Time Trial and Team Sprint

投稿时间：2010-09-07

DOI：

英文关键词:track cycling 1km time trial team sprint speed endurance

基金项目:上海市体育局科研攻关与科技服务项目（06JT008）

作者	单位
马国强	上海体育科学研究所
李之俊	上海体育科学研究所
米卫杰	西藏拉萨市林周中学
刘茂	上海体育职业学院

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中文摘要:

分析自行车运动员在场地1 km计时赛和竞速赛中的专项数据变化规律，并与常用的速耐训练方法进行比较分析，探讨两个项目的专项速度耐力特征，为指导专项训练提供实验依据。1 km计时赛中，运动员往往在最后300 m左右出现体能的明显降低、专项速度耐力下降的现象。竞速赛中三道队员如果不能在前两圈跟骑过程中有效的节省体力，会在第三圈的后半圈出现耐力降低的专项特点。在短距离自行车专项训练中，专项速度耐力应当作为训练重点常抓不懈，并使用合适的传动比和贴近专项的训练方法，使专项训练强度能够保证比赛要求。

英文摘要:

The article analyzes the specific data in track cycling of 1km time trial and team sprint and comares the data with those obtained in normal speed endurance training. It tries to discover the characteristics of the specific speed endurance of the both so as to provide reference for specific training. In 1km time trial, physical capacity of cyclists often reduces and specific speed endurance decreases in the last 300m. In team sprint, if the third rider cannot reserve energy in the first two laps, his endurance will decline in the latter half of the third lap. It is necessary to pay great attention to specific speed endurance in specific track cycling training. Proper gear ratio and specific training methods should be adopted so as to ensure the specific training intensity meets the competition requirements.

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