This study aims to monitor the training load according to female athletes' menstrual cycles and the physiological and biochemical indexes. In the course of monitoring fatigue and recovery during short training period, the reference system containing the personal indexes of CK, BU, RBC, WBC, Hb, Hct, the data of serum immunoglobulin in adjusting and intensive training weeks, total average value, personal maximum mean value and personal minimum mean value was established. Serum testosterone and cortisol were tested in the morning during the adjusting and intensive training periods so as to obtain the athletes' quiet value and the mean value under intensive load. At the same time, through basal temperature monitoring for 3 months, the different stages of the athletes' menstrual cycles were determined. In the monitoring process, the athletes' maximum value and minimum value of CK and BU in adjusting and intensive training weeks were obtained. It is discovered that the intensive training may result in significant decrease of RBC, Hb and Hct. WBC, IgG, IgA may reduce to some extent, while serum testosterone decreases obviously. Therefore, attention should be paid to female athletes' periodic changes of physical fitness. Different functional monitoring indices should be applied for longitudinal study of the athletes so as to reflect athletes' physical status and ability for intensive training from the different angles. Scientific training program should be worked out in order to follow the law of functional cycles. |