上海市10～18岁女青少年运动员生长发育与15 s无氧功特点及相关性分析

Characteristics and correlation between the growth of Shanghai female young athletes of 10～18 years old and 15s anaerobic work

DOI：

中文关键词:女子青少年运动员体质无氧代谢能力生长发育

英文关键词:female young athlete constitution anaerobic metabolic capacity growth

基金项目:

作者	单位
许汪宇	上海体育科学研究所
蔡广	上海体育科学研究所
沈勋章	上海体育科学研究所
葛珺	上海体育科学研究所

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中文摘要:

目的：探讨女青少年运动员生长发育与15 s无氧功特点及其相关关系。对象和方法：以650名上海市10～18岁女运动员为对象，分别测试身高、体重、体脂率、肌肉量、瘦体重和立定跳远，并采集15 s无氧功率自行车的最大功率、平均功率、最大转速、最大转速出现时间等指标，分析其特点及相关性。结果：上海市女青少年运动员身高及体重在10～13岁、最大和平均功率在10～15岁增长最快，15岁后趋于稳定，瘦体重、体重和肌肉与功率的相关性依次降低。结论：对女青少年运动员速度力量的训练要在15岁之前，评价女青少年运动员磷酸原代谢能力时最好使用瘦体重相对功率。

英文摘要:

Purpose: To discuss the characteristics and correlation between the growth of female young athletes and 15s anaerobic work. Subjects and methods: 650 female young athletes of 10～18 years old were selected as the subjects. Height, weight, body fat percentage, muscle mass, lean body mass and standing long jump were measured. The indexes of maximum power, average power, maximum speed, maximum speed appearing time of the 15s anaerobic power bicycling were collected for analysis. Result: The period of rapid growth of height, weight of Shanghai female young athletes is at the age of 10-13. Maximum power and average power increase quickly at the age of 10-15. The above indicators become stable after 15 years old. The correlations between the lean body mass, weight, muscle mass and power decrease in turn. Conclusion: It’s better to train speed strength for female young athletes before 15 years old. And in evaluating phosphate metabolism, it’s better to use relative lean body weight power.

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