下坡跑运动与重复运动对大鼠骨骼肌组织病理学影响研究

Pathological Effects of Downhill Running and Repeated Exercise on Rat Skeletal Muscle

DOI：

英文关键词:pathological mechanism downhill running repeated exercise skeletal muscle

基金项目:山东省自然科学基金（ZR2013CM034)，国家体育总局重点研究领域攻关课题（2014B059）

作者	单位
李可峰	山东体育学院
吕晨曦	Shandong Sports University
董贵俊	Shandong Sports University
葛新发	Shandong Sports University

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中文摘要:

为探讨重复运动后大鼠骨骼肌损伤适应过程中组织病理改变，将大鼠分为正常对照组、下坡跑运动组、重复运动组并分别进行下坡跑运动及重复运动，观察下坡跑运动及一周后重复运动后即刻、24 h、48 h、72 h、168 h大鼠股四头肌病理切片的变化。结果表明：重复运动组各时间段形态学变化较一次大强度下坡跑运动组有所减轻，表现为下坡跑运动后24 h肌纤维不完全断裂，损伤处细胞溶解，48 h病灶开始逐步清除，至168 h后仍有部分病灶存在。重复运动后症状相应减轻，48h后病灶清除速度明显加快，168 h后基本恢复到正常水平。这可能是损伤修复后肌纤维再生重建、肌节长度趋于均等化、增强了抗损伤能力的结果，提示重复运动能有效加速骨骼肌损伤修复的速度，加速骨骼肌对运动训练刺激的适应性。

英文摘要:

Rats were divided into control group, downhill running group and repeated exercise group in order to investigate the pathological changes of rat skeletal muscle in the process of repeated exercise. The three groups did downhill running and repeated exercise separately. The rat quadriceps pathological examinations were made at the instant, 24h, 48h, 72h and 168h after the downhill running and the repeated exercise one week later. The result shows that the morphological changes of the repeated exercise group in different periods are slightly reduced than those of the downhill running group after one high intensity exercise. Incomplete rupture of muscle fiber and cell lysis can be observed at 24h after the downhill running. The focal lesions start to be cleared gradually at 48h and part of the lesions still exists after 168h. The symptoms reduce accordingly after repeated exercise. The lesions disappear quickly after 48h and the normal level can be restored basically after 168h. This might be due to the reconstruction of muscle fiber after the injury. The length of sarcomeres is equalized and the ability of anti-injury is increased as a result. This suggests that repeated exercise could effectively speed up the recovery of skeletal muscle after injury and improve the adaptability of skeletal muscle to the stimulus of training.

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