职业女子篮球运动员联赛准备期损伤特征调查研究——以江苏女子篮球运动员为例

Investigation on Injury Characteristics of Professional Female Basketball Players in Preparation Period of the League: A Case Study of Jiangsu Female Basketball Players

投稿时间：2019-03-25

DOI：

中文关键词:职业女子篮球运动员损伤特征赛季准备期 sPRE 绝对负荷

英文关键词:profession professional female basketball players injury characteristics league preparation period session rating of perceived exertion absolute load

基金项目:

作者	单位	E-mail
周苏坡	南京体育学院；江苏省体育科学研究所	zhousupo@163.com limid_yp@sina.com。
袁鹏	江苏省体育科学研究所

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中文摘要:

目的：通过对江苏女子篮球运动员在联赛准备期中损伤特征的研究，为有效控制职业女子篮球运动员的损伤风险提供研究依据。方法：以备战2018-2019年WCBA联赛的14名江苏女子篮球运动员为研究对象，通过sRPE监控运动员的训练负荷，通过跟踪调查记录运动员的损伤情况，分析训练负荷对损伤的影响。结果：江苏女子篮球运动员的慢性损伤率为100%，非接触性急性损伤高于接触性急性损伤，健将级运动员的损伤风险显著高于一级运动员（P=0.020）；sRPE与基于Polar心率带的训练负荷得分（r=0.644，P=0.000）有显著性强相关；以中等负荷组（491~590 AU）为参照，低负荷组（98~490 AU）损伤风险有所降低（OR=0.912），而高负荷组（591~676 AU）的损伤风险（OR=2.174）和极高负荷组（677~1 219 AU）的损伤风险（OR=1.692）有所增大，其中高负荷组的损伤风险显著性上升（P=0.040）。结论：职业女子篮球运动员普遍患有慢性损伤，好发非接触性损伤，损伤部位以膝关节、足踝部和腰部为主；健将级运动员比一级运动员发生损伤的风险明显更高；中等负荷的训练课下运动员有较低的损伤风险，但减少负荷并不能有效降低损伤风险；相反增大负荷会使损伤风险显著增加，而进一步增大负荷时损伤风险又会有所下降。

英文摘要:

Objective: Through the study of injury characteristics of Jiangsu female basketball players in the preparation period of the league, this paper provides research basis for effectively controlling injury risk of professional female basketball players. Method: 14 Jiangsu female basketball players preparing for the 2018-2019 WCBA League were taken as the research objects, and their training load was measured by sRPE. Through tracking and recording the injuries of athletes, the influence of training load on injury was analyzed. Results: The chronic injury rate of Jiangsu female basketball players was 100%, non-contact acute injury was higher than contact acute injury, and the injury risk of Master-level athletes was significantly higher than that of First Grade athletes (P=0.020); sRPE was significantly correlated with training load score (r=0.644, P=0.000) based on Polar heart rate band; the injury risk of low-load group (98~490 AU) was reduced (OR=0.912), while that of high-load group (591~676 AU) and extremely high-load group (677~1 219 AU) increased (OR=2.174,OR=1.692), which shows that the injury risk of high-load group increased significantly (P=0.040). Conclusion: Professional female basketball players generally suffer from chronic injuries and are prone to non-contact injuries. Knee joint, ankle and waist were the main injured parts, and the Master-level athletes had higher injury risk than First Grade athletes. In the medium load group, there is a lower risk of injury, but reducing the load cannot effectively reduce the risk of injury; on the contrary, increasing the load will significantly increase the risk of injury, while further increasing the load will reduce the risk of injury.

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