Objective: To observe the changes in physiological, biochemical, psychological and HRV indexes of boxers before and after the heavy load training, and to carry out a multi-dimensional monitoring on sports fatigue of elite boxers. Method: Six elite boxers were selected as subjects. Elbow venous blood was collected on an empty stomach before the 4-week pre-competition training (from 6 to 2 weeks before the competition) and on the following morning of rest after the training so as to measure white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), blood testosterone (T), testosterone/cortisol ratio (T/C). On the day of blood collection, the morning pulse and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured after the subjects woke up in the morning, and then the athlete burnout questionnaire (ABQ) was filled out after breakfast. Results: 1) After 4 weeks' heavy load pre-competition training, T and T/C decreased by 38% and 52.7% (P < 0.01), C and morning pulse increased by 32.4% and 20.4% respectively (P < 0.05). 2) After 4 weeks' heavy load pre-competition training, the ABQ results showed that the sense of achievement decreased, the negative evaluation of sports, and the z-weighted total score of psychological fatigue increased significantly compared with those before the training (P < 0.05, P < 0.05, P < 0.01). 3) The analysis of the heart rate variability (HRV) suggested that lnLF and LF/HF significantly increased after 4 weeks' heavy load pre-competition training (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Elite boxers showed a certain degree of fatigue after the four weeks' heavy load pre-competition training, which is characterized by less anabolic than catabolic metabolism and decreased cardiac capacity to bear training load. Psychological fatigue is characterized by lower sense of achievements and higher negative evaluation of sports. The increase of lnLF and LF/HF suggests there is sympathetic and parasympathetic imbalance with Preference for sympathetic activities. Combining physiological, biochemical and psychological indexes with HRV can monitor the sport fatigue of boxers comprehensively. |