竞技体育中运动负荷与损伤风险关系的研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship between Exercise Workload and Injury Risk in Competitive Sports

DOI：10.12064/ssr.20210407

英文关键词:absolute load relative load injury risk Acute Chronic Workload Ratio (ACWR) load-injury paradox

基金项目:江苏省体育局重大体育科研课题(ST191102)

作者	单位
周苏坡	江苏护理职业学院,江苏淮安 223300
袁鹏	上海体育学院,上海 200438
陈伟	江苏省体育科学研究所,江苏南京 210033 。
许贻林	江苏省体育科学研究所,江苏南京 210033 。

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中文摘要:

为通过科学调控运动训练来实现对运动损伤的有效控制，对运动负荷与损伤风险间关系的研究成为近些年体育科学领域的热点之一。长期训练使机体发生定向改造以适应专项特征，运动负荷刺激机能水平提高的同时也会使运动员发生损伤的风险产生变化，运动负荷与损伤风险具有一定的相关性。在绝对负荷中，负荷累积与损伤风险表现出剂量-效应关系；在相对负荷中，负荷变化对损伤风险具有一定的预测能力。为了降低损伤风险，在训练安排时应避免长时间使用较低水平负荷或使用极高水平负荷，以及避免负荷的过快增长。

英文摘要:

In order to achieve effective control of sports injury through scientific training, the relationship between exercise workload and injury risk has become one of the hot spots in the field of sports science in recent years. Long-term training enables the body to undergo directional change to adapt to event characteristics. When the exercise workload stimulation function is improved, the injury risk will also be changed. There is a certain correlation between exercise workload and injury risk. Workload accumulation has a dose-response relationship with injury risk in absolute load.Workload changes can predict injury risk in relative load. Lower level workload or extra-high level workload for a long time and rapid growth of workload should be avoided to lower injury risk in the training program.

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