小学3~6年级学生基本运动技能与感知运动能力、身体活动水平的关系

Research on the Relationship Between Fundamental Motor Skills and Perceived Motor Competence and Physical Activity Level of Elementary School Students in Grades 3-6

投稿时间：2024-02-04

DOI：10.12064/ssr.2024020401

中文关键词:基本运动技能身体活动水平感知运动能力小学生

英文关键词:fundamental motor skill physical activity level perceived motor competence elementary school students

基金项目:国家社会科学基金重点项目（22ATY005）

作者	单位
陈君	武汉体育学院网球学院，湖北武汉 430079
汪晓赞	华东师范大学体育与健康学院，上海 200241 ；华东师范大学青少年健康评价与运动干预教育部重点实验室，上海 200241
陈偶宜	涟钢中学（娄底市第五中学），湖南娄底 417009
龙海竹	大同古汉城小学，湖南长沙 410024

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中文摘要:

目的：探讨小学3~6年级学生基本运动技能与感知运动能力、身体活动水平的关系。方法：采用大肌肉动作发展测评工具（TGMD-3）、感知运动能力分量表、儿童青少年身体活动水平问卷对小学3~6年级437名学生的基本运动技能、身体活动水平、感知运动能力进行调查；运用SPSS22.0和Mplus8.3软件进行数据分析，并用Bootstrap法分析变量之间的预测关系及中介效应。结果：男生的操控性技能、感知运动能力和身体活动水平高于女生（P＜0.01）；小学3~6年级学生基本运动技能、感知运动能力与身体活动水平呈低至中等正相关（r=0.103~0.477，P＜0.05）；小学3~6年级学生基本运动技能预测感知运动能力（β=0.222，P＜0.001），感知运动能力预测身体活动水平（β=0.569，P＜0.001），感知运动能力在基本运动技能与身体活动水平之间起部分中介作用。结论：小学阶段重视学生基本运动技能和感知运动能力的发展，有助于提高其身体活动水平。

英文摘要:

Objective Explore the relationship between fundamental motor skills and perceived motor competence, physical activity level of elementary school students in grades 3-6. Methods A total of 437 students from grade 3 to grade 6 in elementary school were invited to participate in this study. The Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-3), the sport competence subscale of the Self-perception Profile for Children, and Physical Activity Level Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents were used to measure students' fundamental motor skills, perceived motor competence, and physical activity level. SPSS22.0 and Mplus8.3 software were used for data analysis, and the Bootstrap method was used to analyze the prediction relationship and mediating effect between variables. Results Boys' manipulative skills, perceived motor competence, and physical activity levels were better than girls (P＜0.01). There was a low to moderate positive correlation between fundamental motor skills, perceived motor competence, and physical activity levels among students in grades 3-6 (r=0.103-0.477, P＜0.05). The correlation between the fundamental motor skills and the perceived motor competence of elementary school students in grades 3-6 (β=0.222, P＜0.001), the correlation between the perceived motor competence and the physical activity level (β=0.569, P＜0.001), and perceived motor competence play a partial mediating role between fundamental motor skills and physical activity level. Conclusions Emphasizing the development of students' fundamental motor skills and perceived motor competence during elementary school can help improve their physical activity levels.

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