| Training and competition in high-temperature environments may negatively impact athletes' physical function and performance. This review systematically explores the impact of high-temperature environments on athletes' functions and proposes corresponding coping strategies. The discussion is structured into three stages: before, during, and after exercise in high temperatures. Before exercise, comprehensive assessments of physical condition, physiological and biochemical indicators, heat stress testing, psychological evaluations, past experience and performance evaluations, and environmental assessments should be conducted. During exercise, it is essential to control training intensity, conduct preemptive heat acclimation training, supplement with electrolyte drinks, monitor body temperature and heart rate in real-time, and take measures for sun protection and cooling. After exercise, appropriate cooling measures, rehydration, nutritional supplementation, and on-site medical treatment strategies should be implemented. Additionally, event organizers are advised to optimize the schedule and enhance cooling facilities during competitions. This review aims to provide scientific guidance and recommendations for athletes and coaches, helping them conduct safer and more efficient training and competitions in high-temperature environments. |
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