运动员完美主义的概念、分类及其理论模型研究进展

Research Progress of Concept, Classification and Theoretical Model of Athlete Perfectionism

投稿时间：2023-11-10

DOI：10.12064/ssr.2023111001

英文关键词:athletes perfectionism personality disposition theoretical model positive psychology

基金项目:

作者	单位
梅正阳	西南大学体育学院，重庆 400715
罗时	西南大学体育学院，重庆 400715

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中文摘要:

运动员完美主义定义为一种多维度的人格特质，其特征是追求完美无瑕，设定极高的表现标准，并伴随着对自身行为的过度批评性评价。在体育运动领域，运动员完美主义直接关系到运动员身心健康、竞赛表现等多方面的发展。采用文献资料法，结合横向与纵向比较的视角，旨在介绍运动员完美主义的概念发展和分类，梳理其相关理论模型，包括三方模型、2×2模型和认知-行为模型。未来研究应基于积极心理学视角，探讨个体与情境变量对运动员完美主义的调节作用，加强相关纵向研究和质性研究，完善运动员完美主义的神经生物机制研究，并注重发挥运动员完美主义的适应性影响，为制定运动员心理训练方案提供理论依据和实践指导

英文摘要:

Athlete perfectionism has been defined as a multidimensional personality disposition characterized by striving for flawlessness and setting exceedingly high standards of performance accompanied by overly critical evaluations of one's behavior. In sports, athlete perfectionism is directly related to athletes' physical and mental health, competitive performance, and many other aspects. Adopting a literature-based approach and combining both horizontal and vertical comparative perspectives, this study aims to introduce the conceptual development and classification of athlete perfectionism and to analyse related theoretical models, including the tripartite model, 2×2 model, and cognitive-behavioral model. Based on the positive psychology perspective, future research could investigate the moderating effects of individual and situational variables on athlete perfectionism, strengthen relevant longitudinal and qualitative studies, improve the research on the neurobiological mechanisms of athlete perfectionism, and focus on exerting the adaptive influence of athlete perfectionism, in order to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the development of psychological training programs for athletes.

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