治疗用药豁免制度中合理替代条款的适用问题分析——以高阳诉亚奥理事会案为出发点

Analysis on the Application of the Reasonable Substitution Clause in the Therapeutic Use Exemption: Based on Gao Yang v. Olympic Council of Asia

DOI：10.12064/ssr.2024072202

中文关键词:《治疗用药豁免国际标准》国际体育仲裁院合理替代条款

英文关键词:International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions Court of Arbitration for Sport reasonable substitution clause

基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目（23BTY036）

作者	单位
苏圣翔	苏州大学王健法学院，江苏苏州 215006

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中文摘要:

高阳诉亚奥理事会案是中国运动员在国际体育仲裁中维护自身合法权益的一次重大胜利，同时也是治疗用药豁免制度的重要案件。该案反映出《治疗用药豁免国际标准》中合理替代条款的适用标准较为模糊，对运动员维权造成不利影响。厘清适用问题应先界定合理替代条款的背景和基本内涵，该条款指运动员如获得治疗用药豁免，必须证明除所用治疗方法外再无其他合理替代方法。结合对仲裁案例的分析，明晰合理替代条款的适用应从主客观两方面入手，在主观上明确应用目的为医治疾病，在客观上将特定地区的医疗实践，以及有效性与潜在风险的比较关系纳入考察范围。为进一步解决适用问题，从编辑指导性案例、发布指南以及完善处理运动员处罚问题三方面提出建议，促进《治疗用药豁免国际标准》规则体系更加完善

英文摘要:

The case of Gao Yang v. Olympic Council of Asia is a major victory for Chinese athletes in defending their legitimate rights and interests in international sports arbitration, as well as an important case for the therapeutic use exemption system. The case shows that the application standard of the reasonable substitution clause in the International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions is rather ambiguous, which adversely affects the athletes' rights. To clarify the application issue, the first step is to define the background and basic connotation of the reasonable substitution clause. The reasonable substitution clause refers to the fact that an athlete who obtains a Therapeutic Use Exemption must prove that there is no reasonable alternative to the treatment used. Combined with the analysis of the arbitration case, the study clarified that the application of the reasonable substitution clause should be based on both subjective and objective aspects. Subjectively, it should be clear that the purpose of the application is to treat the disease; and objectively, the clause should take into account the medical practice in a specific region and the comparison of effectiveness and potential risks of drug use. To further address the application issues, the article proposes suggestions from three aspects, namely, editing guiding cases, issuing guidelines and appropriately tackling the issue of athletes' penalties, to promote a better system of rules for the International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions.

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