| In the field of sport, athletic flow state (AFS) refers to a positive psychological state accompanied by intrinsic rewards, in which the athlete's attention is fully focused on the execution of the activity, allowing to achieve complete immersion in the task and a high level of sports performance. The theoretical models, measurement tools, and influencing factors of AFS were analyzed by systematically reviewing previous studies, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and practical insights for optimizing the psychological states and behavioral patterns of athletes. At present, several theoretical models have been developed to explain the formation and maintenance of AFS, including the channel model, the individual and situational model, and the integrated model of flow and clutch states, which serve as the foundation for developing measurement tools. Additionally, the factors influencing AFS, including psychological, biological, and environmental aspects, were examined primarily on the basis of self-determination theory, goal-achievement theory, personality trait theory, and environment-behaviour relationship theory. It is recommended that a comprehensive interdisciplinary model of AFS should be developed in the future, focusing on the mechanisms underlying transitions between different psychological states. Expanding the scope of investigation and application scenarios will allow for a more thorough examination of influencing factors and intervention strategies, ultimately helping athletes reach their optimal competitive performance. |
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