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| 上海市成年人、老年人体质现状与变化的研究 |
| Status Quo and Changes of the Physique of the Adults and the Old People in China |
| Received:November 27, 2007 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:体质监测 上海市民体质 身体形态 身体机能 身体素质 |
| 英文关键词:fitness monitoring Shanghai people body shape physical function physique |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文通过对2005年上海市国民体质监测成年人、老年人人群数据的系统分析，并与2000年监测结果的比较，探讨上海市成年人、老年人的体质现状及变化趋势，研究影响体质变化的原因，为本市全民健身发展的方针政策提供参考依据。方法：以2005年上海市国民体质监测成年人、老年人为研究对象，体质监测按国家统一方案实施。结果：成年人、老年人身体形态、机能、素质指标的年龄变化趋势与其他研究者的研究结果总体相同，但在变化发生的时间、幅度等方面存在一定的差异。体质综合评价结果显示，体质合格率、优良率均较高，国民体质综合指数也高于全国平均水平，多项机能、素质指标水平高于全国平均值。与2000年上海市国民体质监测结果比较，男性超重、肥胖增幅较大，心肺耐力没有明显改善，但其他机能、素质指标水平有明显提高。结论：本研究揭示了上海成年人、老年人的体质变化趋势和特点，各项比较分析显示，成年人、老年人体质总体良好，其原因与市民健康意识的增强、全民健身运动的开展，以及本市体育健身环境的改善密切相关。但应关注静态生活方式、防患意识不强、锻炼效益不佳等因素对市民体质的影响，对此提出了对策和建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Through the systematic analysis on the indices obtained in the 2005 National Fitness Monitoring in Shanghai on the adults and the old people and comparing the indices of 2005 with those of 2000, the article tries to study the status quo and variation trend of Shanghai adults and old people's physique so as to find out the cause of the variation and provide reference for the development of mass fitness in Shanghai. The result of the investigation shows that the age variation trend of the body shape, function and physique indices of the adults and the old people is nearly the same as the results of the other researchers, but there exists a certain difference in the time and extent of the variation. The result of the physique evaluation shows that the physique pass rate and excellent rate are relatively high. The National Physique Index is above the average. Several functional and physique indices are higher than the average national values. Compared with the results of 2000 National Fitness Monitoring, there is no significant improvement in men's overweight, considerable increase of obesity and cardiovascular endurance, whereas the other functional and physique indices have been improved apparently. The article reveals the variation trend and characteristics of Shanghai adults and old people's physique and puts forward some suggestions. |
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