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| 论体育体制改革的双重阻力 |
| On the double resistance of sport system reform |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:体育管理 绝对阻力 相对阻力 |
| 英文关键词:sport management absolute resistance relative resistance |
| 基金项目:育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目资助（13YJC890012） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 当今的体育体制改革面临来自既得利益集团和改革阵痛期的双重叠加阻力。来自既得利益集团的阻力称之为相对阻力，因其掌握着体育政策制定的决策权和话语权，对体育体制改革产生强大阻力。来自改革阵痛期的阻力具有人人利益受损的特点，所以称之为绝对阻力，因绝大多数社会公众远离体育政策的决策过程，对体育体制改革产生的阻力有限。针对被永久剥夺利益的特殊利益集团只能以强大的压力迫使其接受改革，除此之外的相对阻力可以采用补偿或者赎买的方式加以解决；绝对阻力是一种无法补偿的阻力，只能选择改革成本与预期收益在合理比的适当时机推进体育体制改革。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Today’s sport system reform is facing double resistance coming from the benefited groups and the growing pains of reform. The resistance from the benefited groups is called relative resistance, because those groups have power over the decisive right and voice in stipulating sport policies. And this causes strong resistance for the sport system reform. The resistance from the growing pains of reform is characterized by losing the benefits of everyone. So it is called absolute resistance, because most of the public is far away from the decisive process of sport policies and the resistance generated for sport system reform is limited. As to the specific benefited groups that will be deprived of the interests forever, only great pressure can make them accept the reform. The relative resistance can be solved by the means of compensation or redemption. While the absolute resistance is one that cannot be compensated. We can only choose an appropriate time, when the reform cost and the prospective benefits are in a reasonable ratio, to promote the sport system reform. |
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