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| 武术近代化嬗变的先锋实验：1901—1937年间上海的武术活动 |
| Pioneering Experiment in Wushu Modernization: Wushu Activities in Shanghai during 1901-1937 |
| Received:December 26, 2015 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词:现代化转型 近代上海 体育史 武术 |
| 英文关键词:modern transformation modern Shanghai sport history wushu |
| 基金项目:市教委科研创新项目（14YS072） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 运用文献资料法和比较分析法等，将近代上海武术放到上海城市现代化变迁的背景下进行立体的、多层面的研究，展示近代上海武术的现代化转型历程。精武体育会通过组织形式、传授方式、传播方式等一系列的变革举措，成为了融合中西体育之典范团体。在精武体育会的创新引领下，近代上海创建了近100家武术社会团体，从而全面推动了武术从传统的武举制度向竞赛式体育法系的转变。上海借全国文化中心的优势，以出版书籍、创办期刊等形式促使武术传播方式的近代化发展。上海新型市民群体的形成，市民意识的确立，市民大众对体育的渴求，也推动了上海近代武术的现代化转型。在上海这个开风气之先的对外开埠城市，中西方两种不同类型的体育从互识、互证进而逐步实现互补与互融。近代上海武术是在与西方体育文化的直接碰撞过程中不断发展而成的，是中西方体育文化交流的产物。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This paper tries to make a multi-dimensional and multifaceted study on the development of wushu in modern Shanghai against the background of the evolution of Shanghai’s urban modernization with the methods of literature study, logic analysis and comparative analysis. It tries to demonstrate a modern transformation process of wushu in modern Shanghai. By a series ways of reforming measures on organization mode, teaching method and transmission means, Chin Woo Athletic Federation succeeded in becoming a model society that integrated Chinese sports withWestern sports. With the innovative guide of Chin Woo Athletic Federation, nearly 100 wushu organizations were established in Shanghai, which started a comprehensive transition of Wushu from the military official selecting institution to modern competitive athletic law system. Taking the advantage of the city’s status as the national cultural center, Shanghai boosted the modern development of wushu transmission by means of publishing books and founding journals. Other elements, such as the formation of Shanghai new citizen groups, the establishment of citizen consciousness and the public thirst for sports also enhanced the modern transformation of wushu in Shanghai. As one of the first ports opened to foreign traders, Shanghai witnessed the steps of mutual recognition, mutual verification, mutual complement and mutual amalgamation of the two different types of Chinese and Western sports. Modern Shanghai wushu has gone through a process of direct collision with the Western sport culture and is the product of the cultural exchanges between Chinese sports and Western sports. |
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