运动员前交叉韧带损伤与重建术后的重返赛场：早期与安全的相关问题

Athletes Returning to Play after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Reconstruction: Early and Safety-related Issues

DOI：10.12064/ssr.20200301

中文关键词:运动员前交叉韧带损伤前交叉韧带重建术重返赛场

英文关键词:athlete anterior cruciate ligament injury anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction return to play

基金项目:科技部科技冬奥专项（2019YFF0301700）

Author Name	Affiliation
ZHOU Jingbin	Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853 , China；National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing 100061 , China
HE Chen	National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing 100061 , China
GAO Feng	National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing 100061 , China
QIAN Yi	National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing 100061 , China
GUO Sen	National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing 100061 , China

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中文摘要:

前交叉韧带损伤和手术后重返赛场一直是运动员、教练员、医疗团队、运动队管理者共同关注的问题，重返赛场问题决定着运动员的职业生涯、价值实现和经济收入等，其中的关键问题是“早期”和“安全”。文章阐述了运动员重返赛场过程中“早期”与“安全”两方面的影响因素，对损伤后是否需进行手术治疗，如何早期重返赛场，何时重返赛场更为安全，采用何种重建方式、移植物，以及重返赛场的评判标准等问题进行解答。认为确定重返赛场的时间需要对损伤类型做出准确判断，兼顾运动项目特点，了解术后常规重返时间。从安全角度应该防止前交叉韧带再次损伤，了解对运动员更合适的手术方式、移植物和重返赛场测试指标，在重视康复的同时，不要忽略移植物的生物愈合特性。

英文摘要:

Whether an athlete can return to play as soon as possible after the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and surgery is a common concern among athletes, coaches, medical teams and sports team managers. The key to the concern is to be "early" and "safe". This study discussed the factors affecting the early and safe return to the play, and resolved the problems related to anterior cruciate ligament injury and returning to play after the treatment. Determining the time to return is based on the accurate judgment of the injury type, the characteristics of the sport, and knowledge of the routine return time after surgery. From the safety point of view, it is vital to prevent the anterior cruciate ligament from being injured again, to know more appropriate surgical methods, graft and the evaluation methods for athletes to return to play, and to attach importance to the biological healing characteristics of the graft while emphasizing the rehabilitation.

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