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| 短道速滑世界杯1500米滑行节奏分析 |
| Research on the 1 500-Meter Sliding Rhythm of the Short Track Speed Skating World Cup |
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| DOI：10.12064/ssr.20210612 |
| 中文关键词:短道速滑 运动表现 战术 排位 滑行节奏 |
| 英文关键词:short track speed skating skating performance tactics ranking skating rhythm |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的:通过对2018—202 0.年 2.个赛季短道速滑世界杯所有站男女1 50 0.m半决赛和决赛的比赛表现进行统计分析,为当今短道速滑1 50 0.m科学训练提供一定的理论支持。方法:主要采用多因素方差分析法及肯德尔相关分析法进行统计分析。结果:(1)男女滑行的总时间表现为A组决赛＜半决赛＜B组决赛,第1 2.圈用时最短,男子第一名最后 5.圈用时明显少于最后 2.名运动员且呈显著性差异(P＜0.05),男子前 3.名各单圈用时无差异,女子第一名最后 4.圈用时明显少于最后 3.名运动员且呈显著性差异(P＜0.05),女子前 2.名各单圈用时无差异 ；(2)男女前1 1.圈的排位相关性不大,第1 2.圈表现出中等相关,最后 2.圈表现出高度相关,女子各单圈排位相关性略高于男子,男女第一名在比赛前半程更多采用跟随滑行,使自己排位不断靠前,运动员在第1 2.圈的排位是整个比赛的关键,第1 2.圈处于排位前 3.名的男子运动员和处于排位前 2.名的女子运动员最后获得冠军的概率分别为83.8%和80.0%。我国运动员在比赛中合理分配体能的同时,应更加注意转换节奏前的自身排位情况,从而降低后程超越难度 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To provide some theoretical support for the scientific training of 1500m short track speed skating based on the statistical analysis of the performance of men's and women's 1500m semi-finals and finals of the 2018-2020 short track Speed Skating World Cup. Methods：Multi-factor analysis of variance and Kendall correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis. Research found: (1)Circle time: The total skating time of men and women was the shortest in final A, followed by semifinal, final B, and the 12 th lap time is the shortest. The men's first place winner took shorter time than the last two skaters in the last five laps, and showed significant difference (P＜0.05). There was no difference in lap time among the top three men. Women's first place took shorter time than the last three skaters in the last four laps, and showed significant difference (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in lap time between the top two women. (2)Ranking: The first 11 laps have little correlation, the 12 th lap shows moderate correlation, and the last two laps show high correlation. Women's laps were slightly more correlated than men's. In the first half of the race, the men's and women's first place winners tend to follow others in order to keep themselves ahead of the race. In the whole race, the 12 th lap was the key. If the men athletes are in the top three and the women are in the top two on the 12 th lap, the probability of winning the first place is 83.8% and 80.0% respectively. Chinese skaters should attach great importance to their own rankings before changing the rhythm while allocating their physical stamina reasonably in the race, so as to reduce the difficulty of overtaking in the back course. |
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