残疾人男子轮椅竞速T54级项目能量消耗特征

Energy Cost Characteristics of T54 Men's Wheelchair Race

Received:May 17, 2023

DOI：10.12064/ssr.2023051701

英文关键词:disabled athletes wheelchair racing per unit of distance energy cost the Paralympics

基金项目:上海市海外高层次人才项目（TP2020063）

Author Name	Affiliation
HUANG Peng	Shanghai Culture and Sport Promotion Center for Person with Disabilities & Shanghai Special Olympics Game Training Center, Shanghai 200083 , China
ZHANG Lingling	Physical Education Department, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433 , China
WU Xueping	Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438 , China

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中文摘要:

目的：能量消耗是周期性速度项目运动成绩的决定因素，也是教练员制定年训练量和营养方案的主要依据。旨在探究男子轮椅竞速T54级运动员不同速度下单位距离能量消耗（Cw）的特征，为推进我国轮椅竞速的科学化训练和制定合理的膳食标准提供依据和参考。方法：招募10名高水平轮椅竞速T54级运动员，年龄（22.90±5.17）岁，体重（59.27±8.31）kg，在室外田径场分别进行1次1 500 m全力运动和逐级递增负荷测试。使用便携式气体代谢仪、Polar心率带、GPSports运动表现追踪系统对受试者每次呼吸的摄氧量（VO₂）、心率（HR）、速度和距离变化进行监控。通过全力运动和每级递增负荷测试的总能耗与速度的比值计算出轮椅竞速不同速度下单位距离的Cw。结果：受试者全力运动下的速度为（7.20±0.28）m/s，Cw为0.13 kJ/m；递增负荷测试的Cw从0.09 kJ/m、速度（5.38±0.25）m/s，逐渐增加到（0.12±0.02）kJ/m、速度（6.45±0.29）m/s，获得Cw与速度、VO₂与速度的指数回归方程，分别为Cw=0.059x^{1.617 5}和VO₂=379.2x^{1.870 5}。结论：残疾人轮椅竞速项目Cw和VO₂随着速度的增加成指数增长趋势；轮椅竞速Cw在健全人跑步和自行车项目之间，与速度滑冰项目较为接近。

英文摘要:

Objective: The energy cost plays a decisive role in improving athletic performance for cyclic sport activities. It is also the main rules for coaches to set out annual training volume and nutrition program, but there is little research on wheelchair racing. The aim of this study is to investigate the energy cost per unit of distance (Cw) of wheelchair racing. Methods: Ten T54 high-level men's wheelchair racers (22.90±5.17 yrs, 59.27±8.31 kg) participated in the research. They each had a 1 500 m all-out running test and an incremental exercise test on the outdoor track and field. A portable gas analyzer was used to measure VO₂ at every breath, and GPSports and Polar was used to monitor V and HR changes. C_w per unit distance of wheelchair racing at different speeds was calculated by the ratio of total energy consumption to the speed. Result: At 1500 m test, the speed is 7.20±0.28 m/s, C_w is 0.13 KJ/m; at incremental test, the C_w is from 0.09 KJ/m（speed is 5.38±0.25 m/s）gradually increased to 0.12±0.02 KJ/m（speed is 6.45±0.29 m/s). The regression equation of C_w speed and VO₂-speed is obtained, C_w=0.059x^{1.617 5} and VO₂=379.2x^{1.870 5}, respectively. Conclusion: the C_w and VO₂ of wheelchair racing in this study increased with the increase of speed as demonstrated by a function with an exponent of 1.6175 and 1.8705. the C_w wheelchair race is in between able-bodied running and cycling, close to speed skating.

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