基于位移动作技能的体育游戏对幼儿执行功能的影响

The Effect of Loco Motor Skills-based Sport Game Intervention on Preschoolers' Executive Functions

Received:December 06, 2022

DOI：10.12064/ssr.2022120601

英文关键词:fundamental motor skills sport game intervention executive functions preschoolers

基金项目:

Author Name	Affiliation
HOU Peiyao	College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310030 , China
YING Jianmin	Hangzhou Dinglan No.2 Kindergarten, Hangzhou, 310044 , China
XU Lefang	Hangzhou Dinglan No.2 Kindergarten, Hangzhou, 310044 , China
CHEN Lanlan	Hangzhou Normal University Qianjiang College, Hangzhou, 310018 , China
NIE Ao	College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310030 , China
CHEN Yinge	College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310030 , China
SI Qi	College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310030 , China

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中文摘要:

目的：探究基于位移动作技能的体育游戏干预对3~4岁幼儿执行功能的影响。方法：以杭州市某幼儿园两个园区共4个自然教学小班的113名幼儿为研究对象，两个园区被随机分为实验组和控制组进行为期8周实验。实验组接受每周2次、每次20~30 min基于位移动作技能的体育游戏干预；对照组按照园区原有计划进行体育活动。干预前后完成执行功能和位移动作技能测试。结果：①2（实验处理）×2（时间）重复测量方差分析显示，执行功能中抑制控制交互效应显著（P＜0.05），工作记忆、认知灵活性的变化不显著（P＞0.05）。②位移动作技能总分、立定跳、单脚连续跳、马步跳、跨步跳的交互效应显著（P＜0.05），跑、侧滑步的变化不具有统计学意义。结论：基于位移动作技能的体育游戏干预可以有效提高幼儿的抑制控制，干预内容设置有效、干预部分有效。后续需优化实验设计、增加追踪测验，进一步检验干预的有效性和持续性。

英文摘要:

Objective: To explore the influence of loco motor skills-based sport game intervention on the executive functions of 3-4-year-old children. Method: Selecting 113 children from four natural teaching class of two kindergarten campuses in Hangzhou as the study objects. And the two campuses were randomly divided into experimental and control groups for an 8-week experiment. The experimental group received 20-30 minutes of loco motor skills-based sports game intervention twice a week. The control group performed physical activities according to the original plan of the campus. Loco motor skills and executive function tests were completed before and after the intervention. Results: （1）2（experimental treatment）×2（time） repeated measures ANOVA showed that the interaction effect of inhibitory control in executive function was significant(P＜0.05), while the changes in working memory and cognitive flexibility were not significant(P＞0.05). （2）The interaction effects of "loco motor skills total score", "horizontal jump", "hop", "gallop", and "skip" were significant(P＜0.05), "run" and "slide" changes were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Loco motor skills-based sport game intervention can effectively improve the level of inhibitory control of preschoolers. The experimental design needs to be optimized and follow-up tests need to be added so that further test the effectiveness and sustainability of the intervention.

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