中长跑运动员穿不同鞋垫跑步时的足底压力探究

Research on Plantar Pressure of Middle and Long-Distance Runners During Running

Received:May 14, 2024

DOI：10.12064/ssr.2024051401

英文关键词:middle-distance runners plantar pressure insole

基金项目:横向课题泉州邦尼生物科技有限公司资助项目（KH54167601）

Author Name	Affiliation
XU Wenquan	P.E.Sect., Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100191 , China
FENG Ling	The Spots Team in Shiyan Primary School, Haidian District, Beijing 100037 , China
CUI Guangze	Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191 , China
SUN Yumiao	P.E.Sect., Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100191 , China

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中文摘要:

目的：选取参与训练与教学课程的27名中长跑运动员，通过在相同速度下穿着不同类型鞋垫跑步时的实验测试，揭示跑步时足底压力、压强生物力学参数指标特征，为中长跑运动员提供生物力学的理论依据。方法：采用实验法、文献资料法、专家访谈法、数理统计法，利用足底压力测试系统与处理软件进行数据整理分析。结果：中长跑运动员穿着不同类型测试鞋垫跑步时左脚和右脚足底平均压力、最大压强在8个分布区域情况不一，两两对比重复测量方差分析存在不同差异，表现为足跟区是跑步时落地缓冲阶段足部主要的受力区域。结论：①无鞋垫时，左、右脚的M2、M4、M5、M6区足底压力均大于其他3种鞋垫；而无鞋垫时足底除M3区外，其他区域内的足底压强均大于其他3种鞋垫。②M5（第2~4跖骨区）、M6（第1跖骨区）是跑步蹬地发力阶段主要受力区域。M1（足跟区）是跑步时落地缓冲阶段足部主要的受力区域。③无鞋垫时，左、右脚的M2、M5、M6区的足底压力值以及左、右脚的M2、M4、M5、M6区的最大压强值均与其他3种鞋垫存在显著性差异。④足底压力值和足底压强值显示A型鞋垫在减压、抗震方面的功能较好。

英文摘要:

Objective: With 27 middle and long-distance runners from training and teaching classes as subjects, the study conducted experimental tests on runners wearing different types of insoles at the same speed and revealed the characteristics of plantar pressure and biomechanical pressure parameters during running, so as to provide a theoretical biomechanical basis for the study of middle and long-distance runners. Methods: The study adopts experimental methods, literature review, expert interviews and mathematical statistics, as well as a plantar pressure testing system and processing software for data organization and analysis. Results: When middle and long-distance runners wore different types of test insoles while running, the average plantar pressure and maximum pressure on the left and right feet in eight distribution areas varied. Pairwise comparison and repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant differences, indicating that the heel area is the main force-bearing region during the landing and buffering phase of running. Conclusion: ①When barefoot, the plantar pressure in the M2, M4, M5, and M6 areas of both left and right feet is greater than that of the other three types of insoles. Except for the M3 area, the plantar pressure in other areas is greater when barefoot than with the other three types of insoles. ②The M5 (2nd-4th metatarsal area) and M6 (1st metatarsal area) are the main force-bearing areas during the push-off phase of running. The M1 (heel area) is the primary force-bearing region during the landing and buffering phase of running. ③When barefoot, there are significant differences in the plantar pressure values of the M2, M5, and M6 areas of both left and right feet, and in the maximum pressure values of the M2, M4, M5, and M6 areas of both left and right feet, compared to the other three types of insoles. ④The plantar pressure and pressure values indicate that type A insoles perform better in terms of pressure reduction and shock resistance.

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